由(you)于食鹽(yan)(yan)和(he)亞(ya)硝酸(suan)鈉(na)外型(xing)與和(he)小麥面(mian)粉(fen)(fen)十分相似,肉眼真是無法辨(bian)別(bie),而且味兒上也沒辦法和(he)食鹽(yan)(yan)辨(bian)別(bie)。由(you)于食鹽(yan)(yan)中的(de)(de)碘(dian)(dian)要以(yi)碘(dian)(dian)酸(suan)鉀(jia)的(de)(de)方法存(cun)有,木薯淀粉(fen)(fen)遇碘(dian)(dian)之后(hou)轉化成(cheng)絡(luo)合(he)物(wu)而顯色。因此可以(yi)應用木薯淀粉(fen)(fen)開展檢(jian)測。而碰到(dao)亞(ya)硝酸(suan)鈉(na)則先(xian)呈墨綠后(hou)呈紅黃色最(zui)終出(chu)現棕紅色,因此在辨(bian)別(bie)上要求根據實驗(yan)試劑檢(jian)驗(yan)。看食鹽(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)時段(duan)還(huan)要注(zhu)意包裝食鹽(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)包裝袋是否有人(ren)工服務(wu)的(de)(de)包裝,或許還(huan)要好到(dao)靠(kao)譜銷售市場或購物(wu)廣場選(xuan)購有本(ben)地知名品牌的(de)(de)食鹽(yan)(yan),吃的(de)(de)放心
工(gong)業鹽(yan)除開消(xiao)費和出廠設置操縱量的指標值不一樣之外,工(gong)業鹽(yan)生(sheng)產廠家對工(gong)業鹽(yan)消(xiao)費和包裝也(ye)沒有非常的規定,外型呈乳白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)結晶或(huo)是是出現微淡黃色(se)(se)、青(qing)白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se),也(ye)是也(ye)許鹽(yan)內存有肉眼能夠看到的臟東西(xi)。
工(gong)業鹽生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)廠(chang)家在生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)制造食用鹽時,從原材料(liao)的搜集、保送及其(qi)消(xiao)費全過程(cheng)、包裝等階段常有(you)非(fei)常的環境(jing)衛生(sheng)(sheng)要求,出(chu)廠(chang)設(she)置前必須接納嚴格的檢測,各類總體(ti)目標(biao)需切合之族(zu)《食用鹽標(biao)準》和《食用鹽環境(jing)衛生(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)準》。從外型上去鑒別(bie)得話,色澤白,呈(cheng)泥(ni)沙狀、無臭味,沒(mei)有(you)肉眼能夠看(kan)到(dao)的臟物(wu)等。
工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鹽生產廠家精致工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鹽將來,一般情(qing)況(kuang)下到外型上邊(bian)與一般的食用(yong)(yong)鹽本質(zhi)鑒別(bie)不起來,工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鹽因為成本和市場價較低(di),肉眼沒辦法鑒別(bie)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鹽與食用(yong)(yong)鹽的本質(zhi)差別(bie), 因此變成了違(wei)反(fan)規定分子結(jie)(jie)構生產加工(gong)(gong)、售賣(mai)假充假冒偽劣食用(yong)(yong)鹽的原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鹽用(yong)(yong)于香皂生產制造、瓷(ci)器(qi)、夾層玻璃消(xiao)費(fei)、日化(hua)(hua)、石油鉆探、鉆井(jing)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)、完井(jing)液、石油化(hua)(hua) 工(gong)(gong)脫(tuo)干液、工(gong)(gong)程建筑崗位崗位早(zao)強劑、消(xiao)費(fei)建筑涂料(liao)的凝固劑、硫化(hua)(hua)橡膠(jiao)(jiao)崗位天然乳膠(jiao)(jiao)凝結(jie)(jie)劑、造紙行業(ye)(ye)(ye)防腐(fu)劑及(ji)廢舊紙張張脫(tuo)墨(mo)、化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)的無機物化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)材料(liao)及(ji)鹽酸脫(tuo)除劑,預防麥子、iPhone、大白菜等(deng)腐(fu)爛及(ji)食材添加劑、智(zhi)取金屬鈉以及(ji)他納化(hua)(hua)學物質(zhi)、鋼材熱處理物質(zhi)等(deng)。在(zai)水處理、道路清(qing)雪(xue)、制冷(leng)機冷(leng)凍等(deng)層面,常有(you)廣泛的用(yong)(yong)途(tu)。
實際(ji)上(shang)(shang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)用鹽(yan)一(yi)般也都(dou)是指(zhi)氯(lv)化(hua)鈉(na)(na)(na),偶(ou)爾指(zhi)的是亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)(na),但是教(jiao)科書上(shang)(shang)寫的說(shuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)就是亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)(na),這是很大的誤解(jie)。實際(ji)上(shang)(shang),搞過工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的人(ren)都(dou)知道(dao),亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)(na)比氯(lv)化(hua)鈉(na)(na)(na)貴,不會有(you)人(ren)有(you)意(yi)地拿亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)(na)來(lai)制假食鹽(yan),那得虧死(si)。亞(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)(na)被(bei)稱(cheng)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)更多是因為其形似氯(lv)化(hua)鈉(na)(na)(na)而被(bei)誤傳(chuan),一(yi)開始工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)就是單(dan)獨指(zhi)氯(lv)化(hua)鈉(na)(na)(na),只是相比于食用鹽(yan)來(lai)說(shuo)純度低(di)一(yi)些。
工業鹽有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)很多用途。鍋爐(lu)軟(ruan)化用的工業鹽是非常(chang)常(chang)見的,小編(bian)曾經(jing)跟廠家了解過,其實就是海鹽直(zhi)接曬(shai)成(cheng)的,因為含有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鐵離子,外觀呈(cheng)(cheng)淡(dan)黃色(也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呈(cheng)(cheng)粉(fen)色的),理論上不含亞(ya)硝(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na),但含有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一些氯(lv)(lv)(lv)化鈣、氯(lv)(lv)(lv)化鎂、氯(lv)(lv)(lv)化鉀什么(me)(me)的,由于會吸潮,一般呈(cheng)(cheng)現大(da)(da)塊,多數有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)玉米粒(li)(li)那么(me)(me)大(da)(da),如(ru)果純度更高(gao)一些的,則只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)小米粒(li)(li)那么(me)(me)大(da)(da)。
工(gong)業(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)于(yu)食(shi)用(yong)的(de)危害不(bu)是亞(ya)(ya)硝酸鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)危害,因為剛才說(shuo)(shuo)了(le),理論(lun)上不(bu)會含(han)有(you)(you)(you)亞(ya)(ya)硝酸鈉,據我所知事實上也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)哪片海的(de)海水有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能曬(shai)出(chu)亞(ya)(ya)硝酸鈉出(chu)來。但是由于(yu)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)精(jing)制(zhi),工(gong)業(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)可(ke)能會含(han)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)些(xie)重(zhong)金屬和穩定易結晶的(de)的(de)有(you)(you)(you)機物,但概率也(ye)不(bu)大。問題是,工(gong)業(ye)用(yong)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(在古代來說(shuo)(shuo)就(jiu)是私鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan))進(jin)入市(shi)(shi)場(chang),對于(yu)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)會形成(cheng)沖(chong)擊(ji),中國幅員遼闊,食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)資(zi)源分布(bu)不(bu)均(jun)勻,這(zhe)意味著如果不(bu)實行(xing)食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)專賣(mai),依靠(kao)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)的(de)話很容易出(chu)現奸商操(cao)縱市(shi)(shi)場(chang),擾亂市(shi)(shi)場(chang)。中國到了(le)今年正式停止(zhi)了(le)兩(liang)千多年的(de)食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)專賣(mai)制(zhi)度,但沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)完全(quan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)化(hua),縱觀(guan)各(ge)大國其實食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)都沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)全(quan)部放給市(shi)(shi)場(chang),這(zhe)是打擊(ji)假鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)核(he)心(xin)原因。
還(huan)有一個(ge)輔助的因素是(shi)加(jia)碘鹽(yan)(yan),工業鹽(yan)(yan)制販假鹽(yan)(yan)肯(ken)定不會加(jia)碘。但這個(ge)問題現在爭議很大,低碘鹽(yan)(yan)和(he)無碘鹽(yan)(yan)正在慢慢成(cheng)為(wei)主流。